The alias picture is one of the mainstream genres of painting in the Ming Dynasty, in which the artist shows the noble character of the owner of the alias by drawing the client's Thatched Cottage Study. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the Wu School of Painting represented by Wen Zhengming pushed the nickname map to its peak and developed a set of "stylized" graphic language. At the same time, the documentary performance characteristics of the paintings provided an image basis for the research of the study. The circle structure is adopted to deconstruct the expression content of the Wen Zhengming alias map from the outside to the interior into three spatial circles: the outermost layer, the sub-outer layer and the central layer, which correspond to the regional landscape, the garden, and the furniture and elegant play. The architectural shape, landscape elements and spatial construction of the Study Garden were analyzed. From the perspective of traditional iconographic theory, it discusses the "forest spring realm" of the Study Garden created in the cultural context of Jiangnan in the Ming Dynasty