The Ming Dynasty frontier wall consists of walls, smoke piers, enemy platforms, passes, and ancillary facilities. In the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Town was in the area of Piantou, Ningwu, and Yanmen passes, stretching from the east bank of the Yellow River in the west to Datong's west road in the east. This paper, based on historical data, field investigations, and GIS data, analyzes the Ming - Mongolia war situation in Shanxi Town to explain the background of wall - building and sorts out the wall construction in different periods. The construction of Shanxi Town walls can be divided into four periodstimesequence: Hongwu - Tianshun (building passes and fortresses, erecting smoke piers, and setting fences), Chenghua - Zhengde (constructing important walls), Jiajing (peak of wall - building), and Longqing - Wanli (adding enemy platforms and renovating walls). The paper studies the spatial distribution of walls in each period, combs the overall context of the Mingfrontier wall in Shanxi Town, and provides a reference for the overall cognition and comprehensive preservation of the Great Wall.