The red cultural heritage landscape resources are extremely rich and have a significant historical status in Yan'an, but in the face of the dilemma of unbalanced protection and regional development, there are few studies on its spatial distribution characteristics and influencing mechanisms.This article employs the spatial quantitative analysis method of GIS to explore the distribution characteristics of all the red heritage landscape points in Yan'an at different periods, in different districts and counties, and of different types, and comprehensively analyzes the influencing mechanisms of their formation.The results show that the landscape of the red heritage in Yan'an is generally characterized by a typical clustered distribution and a pattern of "one core, one sub-core, three lines and multiple groups";There were significant differences in the degree, type and quantity distribution among the districts and counties;The red heritage landscape formed in each period shows the process of gradually gathering from the northeast and southwest to the middle and then spreading, showing the spatio-temporal change law of "initial expansion - rapid development - high accumulation - rapid dispersion - gradually stable";Each period has its key location and characteristics;The formation of spatio-temporal distribution is dominated by red event factors, the selection of natural geographical factors and the promotion of social artificial factors, and the interaction and comprehensive effect of the three factors and their factors.According to the results, the corresponding protection and utilization suggestions are put forward to provide reference for tourism development.